A Sea of Lemon Trees
The Corrido of Roberto Alvarez
by María Dolores Águila
Roaring Brook Press, 2025. 291 pages.
Review written February 17, 2026, from a library book.
2026 Newbery Honor Book
2026 Pura Belpré Author Honor Book
2025 National Book Award Longlist
A Sea of Lemon Trees is a novel in verse about an event that took place in 1930 and 1931, when a school district in California decided to make the Mexican American kids go to a separate “Americanization” school from the white kids.
The Mexican community fought back, with the Mexican embassy hiring lawyers for them. They chose a 12-year-old boy who was a good student, Roberto Alvarez, who was fluent in both English and Spanish, to be the lead plaintiff. This is his story.
I’m quite sure I already read Roberto’s story in a nonfiction picture book. (Sure enough! Google pointed me to the 2021 book by Larry Dane Brimner: Without Separation: Prejudice, Segregation, and the Case of Roberto Alvarez. I even reviewed it, but it was a blog-only review.)
This book is for middle-grade readers, and goes more in-depth, and being fiction, tells us more about how Roberto might have felt. And it gives us more information – telling us about Roberto’s best friend, whose family got deported. Back matter informed me that deportations – even of American-born citizens – are not a new phenomenon.
All these factors [the Great Depression, the Dust Bowl, and more] led to the Mexican Repatriation, which began in 1929 and continued through 1939. During this time, both Mexican nationals and their American-born children were deported to México, most often without due process, to free up jobs for Americans. This policy was begun by the administration of President Herbert Hoover. The exact number of people forcibly deported is unknown, but estimates range from 300,000 to 2 million, most of them children and American citizens.
By telling us this story from the perspective of a child who was in the thick of it and just wanted to go to school, readers can appreciate how bewilderingly unjust the whole thing was. May it also encourage those readers to stop and think how more modern government actions might feel from the perspective of the marginalized.
mariadoloresaguila.com
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